Effect of Heat Transfer on Climate and Weather
Heat is transferred in three main ways. The first is conduction, then convection, and then radiation.
With conduction being heat transfer through touch, it mainly affects the weather by direct contact between the hot Earth and water causing evaporation. This affects mainly dessert climates because the Earth will absorb the radiation from the sun and will hold it causing the overall climate to be dry and hot.
Convection is heat transfer through the circulation of liquid matter causing the hot and cold parts of the matter to be in constant circulation until a constant temperature is reached, typically transferred above the heat source. In saying, this effects weather dramatically because it is what causes tornadoes through the hot and cold fronts chasing each other due to the circulation created by convection. It effects climate by evaporation making specific places dryer, or wetter with rain, and by controlling the fronts, which would control the temperature as well as the power of the wind.
Radiation is heat transfer through electromagnetic waves which are typically transferred sideways or below the source of heat rather than above like convection. This effects weather and climate very significantly through the sun. The suns rays come to the Earth and first affect the overall climate of the Earth by heating it and keeping it between a set certain temperatures depending on season and latitude. It effects weather through mainly evaporation causing clouds which lead to precipitation, as well as natural disasters like hurricanes etc. Other forms of radiation may affect weather and climate by forest fires spreading and absorbed heat, typically from the sun, affecting the surrounding matter, for example mountains radiate heat to surrounding water etc.
With conduction being heat transfer through touch, it mainly affects the weather by direct contact between the hot Earth and water causing evaporation. This affects mainly dessert climates because the Earth will absorb the radiation from the sun and will hold it causing the overall climate to be dry and hot.
Convection is heat transfer through the circulation of liquid matter causing the hot and cold parts of the matter to be in constant circulation until a constant temperature is reached, typically transferred above the heat source. In saying, this effects weather dramatically because it is what causes tornadoes through the hot and cold fronts chasing each other due to the circulation created by convection. It effects climate by evaporation making specific places dryer, or wetter with rain, and by controlling the fronts, which would control the temperature as well as the power of the wind.
Radiation is heat transfer through electromagnetic waves which are typically transferred sideways or below the source of heat rather than above like convection. This effects weather and climate very significantly through the sun. The suns rays come to the Earth and first affect the overall climate of the Earth by heating it and keeping it between a set certain temperatures depending on season and latitude. It effects weather through mainly evaporation causing clouds which lead to precipitation, as well as natural disasters like hurricanes etc. Other forms of radiation may affect weather and climate by forest fires spreading and absorbed heat, typically from the sun, affecting the surrounding matter, for example mountains radiate heat to surrounding water etc.
Here's a video to help illustrate the points above.